To access the public folder, you would either have to use "%PUBLIC_URL%/your_files"
or process.env.PUBLIC_URL
.
For example:
import SomeSymbol from '%PUBLIC_URL%/SomeSymbol.svg';
<img src={process.env.PUBLIC_URL + '/SomeSymbol.svg'} />
However, I'd encourage you to create a folder inside the src folder and import your assets there.
More info: https://create-react-app.dev/docs/using-the-public-folder/